📄️ SELECT Clause
The SELECT clause specifies the list of columns that will be returned by the query. While it appears first in the clause, logically the expressions here are executed only at the end. The SELECT clause can contain arbitrary expressions that transform the output, as well as aggregates and window functions.
📄️ FROM and JOIN Clauses
The FROM clause specifies the source of the data on which the remainder of the query should operate. Logically, the FROM clause is where the query starts execution. The FROM clause can contain a single table, a combination of multiple tables that are joined together using JOIN clauses, or another SELECT query inside a subquery node. Goose also has an optional FROM-first syntax which enables you to also query without a SELECT statement.
📄️ WHERE Clause
The WHERE clause specifies any filters to apply to the data. This allows you to select only a subset of the data in which you are interested. Logically the WHERE clause is applied immediately after the FROM clause.
📄️ GROUP BY Clause
The GROUP BY clause specifies which grouping columns should be used to perform any aggregations in the SELECT clause.
📄️ GROUPING SETS
GROUPING SETS, ROLLUP and CUBE can be used in the GROUP BY clause to perform a grouping over multiple dimensions within the same query.
📄️ HAVING Clause
The HAVING clause can be used after the GROUP BY clause to provide filter criteria after the grouping has been completed. In terms of syntax the HAVING clause is identical to the WHERE clause, but while the WHERE clause occurs before the grouping, the HAVING clause occurs after the grouping.
📄️ ORDER BY Clause
ORDER BY is an output modifier. Logically it is applied near the very end of the query (just prior to LIMIT or OFFSET, if present).
📄️ LIMIT and OFFSET Clauses
LIMIT is an output modifier. Logically it is applied at the very end of the query. The LIMIT clause restricts the amount of rows fetched. The OFFSET clause indicates at which position to start reading the values, i.e., the first OFFSET values are ignored.
📄️ SAMPLE Clause
The SAMPLE clause allows you to run the query on a sample from the base table. This can significantly speed up processing of queries, at the expense of accuracy in the result. Samples can also be used to quickly see a snapshot of the data when exploring a dataset. The sample clause is applied right after anything in the FROM clause (i.e., after any joins, but before the WHERE clause or any aggregates). See the SAMPLE page for more information.
📄️ Unnesting
Examples
📄️ WITH Clause
The WITH clause allows you to specify common table expressions (CTEs).
📄️ WINDOW Clause
The WINDOW clause allows you to specify named windows that can be used within window functions. These are useful when you have multiple window functions, as they allow you to avoid repeating the same window clause.
📄️ QUALIFY Clause
The QUALIFY clause is used to filter the results of WINDOW functions. This filtering of results is similar to how a HAVING clause filters the results of aggregate functions applied based on the GROUP BY clause.
📄️ VALUES Clause
The VALUES clause is used to specify a fixed number of rows. The VALUES clause can be used as a stand-alone statement, as part of the FROM clause, or as input to an INSERT INTO statement.
📄️ FILTER Clause
The FILTER clause may optionally follow an aggregate function in a SELECT statement. This will filter the rows of data that are fed into the aggregate function in the same way that a WHERE clause filters rows, but localized to the specific aggregate function.
📄️ Set Operations
Set operations allow queries to be combined according to set operation semantics#Basicoperations). Set operations refer to the UNION [ALL], INTERSECT [ALL] and EXCEPT [ALL] clauses. The vanilla variants use set semantics, i.e., they eliminate duplicates, while the variants with ALL use bag semantics.
📄️ Prepared Statements
Goose supports prepared statements where parameters are substituted when the query is executed.