Catch C/C++ 测试

虽然大多数功能我们更倾向于使用 sqllogic 测试，但某些场景仅靠 SQL 不足以覆盖，典型情况是测试 C++ API。当纯 SQL 确实不可行时，就需要使用 Catch 编写 C++ 测试。

Catch 测试同样位于 test 目录。下面是一个测试存储能力的 Catch 示例：

#include "catch.hpp"
#include "test_helpers.hpp"

TEST_CASE("Test simple storage", "[storage]") {
    auto config = GetTestConfig();
    unique_ptr<QueryResult> result;
    auto storage_database = TestCreatePath("storage_test");

    // make sure the database does not exist
    DeleteDatabase(storage_database);
    {
        // create a database and insert values
        Goose db(storage_database, config.get());
        Connection con(db);
        REQUIRE_NO_FAIL(con.Query("CREATE TABLE test (a INTEGER, b INTEGER);"));
        REQUIRE_NO_FAIL(con.Query("INSERT INTO test VALUES (11, 22), (13, 22), (12, 21), (NULL, NULL)"));
        REQUIRE_NO_FAIL(con.Query("CREATE TABLE test2 (a INTEGER);"));
        REQUIRE_NO_FAIL(con.Query("INSERT INTO test2 VALUES (13), (12), (11)"));
    }
    // reload the database from disk a few times
    for (idx_t i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
        Goose db(storage_database, config.get());
        Connection con(db);
        result = con.Query("SELECT * FROM test ORDER BY a");
        REQUIRE(CHECK_COLUMN(result, 0, {Value(), 11, 12, 13}));
        REQUIRE(CHECK_COLUMN(result, 1, {Value(), 22, 21, 22}));
        result = con.Query("SELECT * FROM test2 ORDER BY a");
        REQUIRE(CHECK_COLUMN(result, 0, {11, 12, 13}));
    }
    DeleteDatabase(storage_database);
}

该测试通过 TEST_CASE 封装定义用例。数据库创建和查询通过 C++ API 完成。结果可使用 REQUIRE_FAIL / REQUIRE_NO_FAIL（对应 statement ok / statement error）或 REQUIRE(CHECK_COLUMN(...))（对应带结果校验的 query）进行断言。以该方式新增的每个测试都需要加入对应 CMakeLists.txt。