跳到主要内容

数值函数

数值运算符​

下表展示了可用于数值类型的数学运算符。

运算符描述示例结果
+加法2 + 35
-减法2 - 3-1
*乘法2 * 36
/浮点除法5 / 22.5
//整数除法5 // 22
%取模（余数）5 % 41
**幂运算3 ** 481
^幂运算（** 的别名）3 ^ 481
&按位与91 & 1511
``按位或`32
<<按位左移1 << 416
>>按位右移8 >> 22
~按位取反~15-16
!x 的阶乘4!24

除法与取模运算符​

有两种除法运算符：/ 和 //。 当至少一个操作数是 FLOAT 或 DOUBLE 时，两者等价。 当两个操作数都是整数时，/ 执行浮点除法（5 / 2 = 2.5），而 // 执行整数除法（5 // 2 = 2）。

支持的类型​

取模、按位运算、按位取反和阶乘运算符仅适用于整型数据类型， 其余运算符适用于所有数值数据类型。

数值函数​

下表展示可用的数学函数。

名称描述
@(x)绝对值。若 x 是列名，括号可省略。
abs(x)绝对值。
acos(x)计算 x 的反余弦。
acosh(x)计算 x 的反双曲余弦。
add(x, y)x + y 的别名。
asin(x)计算 x 的反正弦。
asinh(x)计算 x 的反双曲正弦。
atan(x)计算 x 的反正切。
atanh(x)计算 x 的反双曲正切。
atan2(y, x)计算 (y, x) 的反正切。
bit_count(x)返回置位（值为 1）的位数。
cbrt(x)返回该数的立方根。
ceil(x)向上取整。
ceiling(x)向上取整，ceil 的别名。
cos(x)计算 x 的余弦。
cot(x)计算 x 的余切。
degrees(x)将弧度转换为角度。
divide(x, y)x // y 的别名。
even(x)按远离零方向舍入到下一个偶数。
exp(x)计算 e ** x。
factorial(x)参见 ! 运算符。计算当前整数及其以下所有整数的乘积。
fdiv(x, y)执行整数除法（x // y），但返回 DOUBLE 值。
floor(x)向下取整。
fmod(x, y)计算取模值。始终返回 DOUBLE 值。
gamma(x)对 x - 1 的阶乘进行插值，允许分数输入。
gcd(x, y)计算 x 与 y 的最大公约数。
greatest_common_divisor(x, y)计算 x 与 y 的最大公约数。
greatest(x1, x2, ...)选取最大值。
isfinite(x)若浮点值有限则返回 true，否则返回 false。
isinf(x)若浮点值为无穷则返回 true，否则返回 false。
isnan(x)若浮点值为 NaN 则返回 true，否则返回 false。
lcm(x, y)计算 x 与 y 的最小公倍数。
least_common_multiple(x, y)计算 x 与 y 的最小公倍数。
least(x1, x2, ...)选取最小值。
lgamma(x)计算 gamma 函数的对数。
ln(x)计算 x 的自然对数。
log(x)计算 x 的以 10 为底的对数。
log10(x)log 的别名，计算 x 的以 10 为底的对数。
log2(x)计算 x 的以 2 为底对数。
multiply(x, y)x * y 的别名。
nextafter(x, y)返回从 x 朝 y 方向的下一个浮点值。
pi()返回 pi 的值。
pow(x, y)计算 x 的 y 次幂。
power(x, y)pow 的别名，计算 x 的 y 次幂。
radians(x)将角度转换为弧度。
random()返回范围 0.0 <= x < 1.0 内的随机数 x。
round_even(v NUMERIC, s INTEGER)roundbankers(v, s) 的别名。按_四舍六入五成双_规则将值舍入到 s 位小数。允许 s < 0。
round(v NUMERIC, s INTEGER)将值舍入到 s 位小数。允许 s < 0。
setseed(x)设置随机函数使用的种子。
sign(x)返回 x 的符号：-1、0 或 1。
signbit(x)返回符号位是否被设置。
sin(x)计算 x 的正弦。
sqrt(x)返回该数的平方根。
subtract(x, y)x - y 的别名。
tan(x)计算 x 的正切。
trunc(x)截断该数。
xor(x, y)按位异或。

@(x)​

| Description | Absolute value. Parentheses are optional if x is a column name. | | Example | @(-17.4) | | Result | 17.4 | | Alias | abs |

abs(x)​

| Description | Absolute value. | | Example | abs(-17.4) | | Result | 17.4 | | Alias | @ |

acos(x)​

| Description | Computes the inverse cosine of x. | | Example | acos(0.5) | | Result | 1.0471975511965976 |

acosh(x)​

| Description | Computes the inverse hyperbolic cosine of x. | | Example | acosh(1.5) | | Result | 0.9624236501192069 |

add(x, y)​

| Description | Alias for x + y. | | Example | add(2, 3) | | Result | 5 |

asin(x)​

| Description | Computes the inverse sine of x. | | Example | asin(0.5) | | Result | 0.5235987755982989 |

asinh(x)​

| Description | Computes the inverse hyperbolic sine of x. | | Example | asinh(0.5) | | Result | 0.48121182505960347 |

atan(x)​

| Description | Computes the inverse tangent of x. | | Example | atan(0.5) | | Result | 0.4636476090008061 |

atanh(x)​

| Description | Computes the inverse hyperbolic tangent of x. | | Example | atanh(0.5) | | Result | 0.5493061443340549 |

atan2(y, x)​

| Description | Computes the inverse tangent (y, x). | | Example | atan2(0.5, 0.5) | | Result | 0.7853981633974483 |

bit_count(x)​

| Description | Returns the number of bits that are set. | | Example | bit_count(31) | | Result | 5 |

cbrt(x)​

| Description | Returns the cube root of the number. | | Example | cbrt(8) | | Result | 2 |

ceil(x)​

| Description | Rounds the number up. | | Example | ceil(17.4) | | Result | 18 |

ceiling(x)​

| Description | Rounds the number up. Alias of ceil. | | Example | ceiling(17.4) | | Result | 18 |

cos(x)​

| Description | Computes the cosine of x. | | Example | cos(pi() / 3) | | Result | 0.5000000000000001 |

cot(x)​

| Description | Computes the cotangent of x. | | Example | cot(0.5) | | Result | 1.830487721712452 |

degrees(x)​

| Description | Converts radians to degrees. | | Example | degrees(pi()) | | Result | 180 |

divide(x, y)​

| Description | Alias for x // y. | | Example | divide(5, 2) | | Result | 2 |

even(x)​

| Description | Round to next even number by rounding away from zero. | | Example | even(2.9) | | Result | 4 |

exp(x)​

| Description | Computes e ** x. | | Example | exp(0.693) | | Result | 2 |

factorial(x)​

| Description | See the ! operator. Computes the product of the current integer and all integers below it. | | Example | factorial(4) | | Result | 24 |

fdiv(x, y)​

| Description | Performs integer division (x // y) but returns a DOUBLE value. | | Example | fdiv(5, 2) | | Result | 2.0 |

floor(x)​

| Description | Rounds the number down. | | Example | floor(17.4) | | Result | 17 |

fmod(x, y)​

| Description | Calculates the modulo value. Always returns a DOUBLE value. | | Example | fmod(5, 2) | | Result | 1.0 |

gamma(x)​

| Description | Interpolation of the factorial of x - 1. Fractional inputs are allowed. | | Example | gamma(5.5) | | Result | 52.34277778455352 |

gcd(x, y)​

| Description | Computes the greatest common divisor of x and y. | | Example | gcd(42, 57) | | Result | 3 |

greatest_common_divisor(x, y)​

| Description | Computes the greatest common divisor of x and y. | | Example | greatest_common_divisor(42, 57) | | Result | 3 |

greatest(x1, x2, ...)​

| Description | Selects the largest value. | | Example | greatest(3, 2, 4, 4) | | Result | 4 |

isfinite(x)​

| Description | Returns true if the floating point value is finite, false otherwise. | | Example | isfinite(5.5) | | Result | true |

isinf(x)​

| Description | Returns true if the floating point value is infinite, false otherwise. | | Example | isinf('Infinity'::float) | | Result | true |

isnan(x)​

| Description | Returns true if the floating point value is not a number, false otherwise. | | Example | isnan('NaN'::float) | | Result | true |

lcm(x, y)​

| Description | Computes the least common multiple of x and y. | | Example | lcm(42, 57) | | Result | 798 |

least_common_multiple(x, y)​

| Description | Computes the least common multiple of x and y. | | Example | least_common_multiple(42, 57) | | Result | 798 |

least(x1, x2, ...)​

| Description | Selects the smallest value. | | Example | least(3, 2, 4, 4) | | Result | 2 |

lgamma(x)​

| Description | Computes the log of the gamma function. | | Example | lgamma(2) | | Result | 0 |

ln(x)​

| Description | Computes the natural logarithm of x. | | Example | ln(2) | | Result | 0.693 |

log(x)​

| Description | Computes the base-10 log of x. | | Example | log(100) | | Result | 2 |

log10(x)​

| Description | Alias of log. Computes the base-10 log of x. | | Example | log10(1000) | | Result | 3 |

log2(x)​

| Description | Computes the base-2 log of x. | | Example | log2(8) | | Result | 3 |

multiply(x, y)​

| Description | Alias for x * y. | | Example | multiply(2, 3) | | Result | 6 |

nextafter(x, y)​

| Description | Return the next floating point value after x in the direction of y. | | Example | nextafter(1::float, 2::float) | | Result | 1.0000001 |

pi()​

| Description | Returns the value of pi. | | Example | pi() | | Result | 3.141592653589793 |

pow(x, y)​

| Description | Computes x to the power of y. | | Example | pow(2, 3) | | Result | 8 |

power(x, y)​

| Description | Alias of pow. Computes x to the power of y. | | Example | power(2, 3) | | Result | 8 |

radians(x)​

| Description | Converts degrees to radians. | | Example | radians(90) | | Result | 1.5707963267948966 |

random()​

| Description | Returns a random number x in the range 0.0 <= x < 1.0. | | Example | random() | | Result | various |

round_even(v NUMERIC, s INTEGER)​

| Description | Alias of roundbankers(v, s). Round to s decimal places using the rounding half to even rule. Values s < 0 are allowed. | | Example | round_even(24.5, 0) | | Result | 24.0 |

round(v NUMERIC, s INTEGER)​

| Description | Round to s decimal places. Values s < 0 are allowed. | | Example | round(42.4332, 2) | | Result | 42.43 |

setseed(x)​

| Description | Sets the seed to be used for the random function. | | Example | setseed(0.42) |

sign(x)​

| Description | Returns the sign of x as -1, 0 or 1. | | Example | sign(-349) | | Result | -1 |

signbit(x)​

| Description | Returns whether the signbit is set or not. | | Example | signbit(-1.0) | | Result | true |

sin(x)​

| Description | Computes the sin of x. | | Example | sin(pi() / 6) | | Result | 0.49999999999999994 |

sqrt(x)​

| Description | Returns the square root of the number. | | Example | sqrt(9) | | Result | 3 |

subtract(x, y)​

| Description | Alias for x - y. | | Example | subtract(2, 3) | | Result | -1 |

tan(x)​

| Description | Computes the tangent of x. | | Example | tan(pi() / 4) | | Result | 0.9999999999999999 |

trunc(x)​

| Description | Truncates the number. | | Example | trunc(17.4) | | Result | 17 |

xor(x, y)​

| Description | Bitwise XOR. | | Example | xor(17, 5) | | Result | 20 |